How to read

This book/website explains LIBS Imaging technology and how to do it. The content is split into two main pieces, hardware in chapter 2, and analysis in chapters 3 and 4. Each chapter is designed to work on its own so feel free to skip to the sections you are interested in.

To understand LIBS imaging, read everything. For quick understanding check out the figures in chapters 1 and 2 and then read wikipedia articles(TODO) linked in appendix 4.

To know how to process LIBS data, read chapter 4 and then chapter 3 and appendix 2.

To build a LIBS instrument read chapter 2.

To get LIBS datasets see appendix 1 and for details read chapter 3 sections on element and mineral references.

CC BY-SA 4.0 Ilkka Laine. Last modified: July 03, 2025. Please contact me by email for any questions, suggestions or improvements.