Acknowledgements

Who funded this

I have been personally funded by K.H. Renlund foundation and KAUTE-foundation. Big thanks! As a group we have been funded by the Research Council of Finland and Business Finland.

Significant affiliations

I am closely tied to Lumo Analytics Oy that sells LIBS imaging/measurement services.

Who worked on this

These pages are written by Ilkka Laine and show work the work of: Ilkka Laine, Lasse Kangas, Jussi Leveinen, Luis Huaman, Aalto University Department of Civil Engineering personnel, Lumo Analytics Oy personnel, Geological Survey of Finland personnel, and many others.

Thanks to

  • Everyone mentioned above

  • Everyone else who worked with me

  • The University of Edinburgh for REE samples

  • The mining companies who have helped with constant feedback and lots of samples and measurement campaigns done together.

  • You if you are reading this :)

CC BY-SA 4.0 Ilkka Laine. Last modified: July 09, 2025. Please contact me by email for any questions, suggestions or improvements.