# Introduction to Speech Processing : Introduction to Speech Processing

Created by Tom Bäckström, last modified by Okko Räsänen on Oct 19, 2020

List of authors: Tom Bäckström, Okko Räsänen, Abraham Zewoudie, Pablo Pérez Zarazaga

Includes contributions from Sneha Das

## Table of contents

- Preface

1. Introduction
   1. Why speech processing?
   2. Speech production and acoustic properties
   3. Phonetics (Wikipedia)
   4. Linguistics (Wikipedia)
   5. Speech perception (Wikipedia)
   6. Speech-Language pathology (Wikipedia)
   7. Applications and systems structures
2. Basic representations and models
   1. Waveform
   2. Windowing
   3. Spectrogram and the STFT
   4. Autocorrelation and autocovariance
   5. Cepstrum and MFCC
   6. Linear prediction
   7. Fundamental frequency (F0)
   8. Zero-crossing rate
   9. Deltas and Delta-deltas
   10. PSOLA
   11. Jitter, shimmer, harmonicity etc (external link)
3. Pre-processing
   1. Pre-emphasis
   2. Noise gate (Wikipedia)
   3. Dynamic Range Compression (Wikipedia)
   4. Voice activity detection (VAD)
   5. Speech enhancement
4. Modelling tools in speech processing
   1. Linear regression
   2. Sub-space models
   3. Vector quantization (VQ)
   4. Gaussian mixture model (GMM)
   5. Neural networks
   6. Non-negative Matrix and Tensor Factorization
5. Evaluation of speech processing methods
   1. Subjective quality evaluation
   2. Objective quality evaluation
   3. Other performance measures
   4. Analysis of evaluation results
6. Speech analysis
   1. Fundamental frequency estimation
   2. Formant estimation and tracking
   3. Inverse filtering for glottal activity estimation
7. Recognition tasks in speech processing
   1. Voice activity detection (VAD)
   2. Keyword or wake-word spotting
   3. Speech recognition

   4. Speaker recognition and verification

   5. Speaker diarization

   6. Paralinguistic speech processing
8. Natural language processing
9. Speech synthesis
   1. Concatenative speech synthesis
   2. Statistical parametric speech synthesis
10. Transmission, storage and telecommunication
    1. Design goals
    2. Basic tools
       1. Modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT)
       2. Entropy coding
       3. Perceptual modelling in speech and audio coding
       4. Vector quantization (VQ)
       5. Linear prediction
    3. Code-excited linear prediction (CELP)
    4. Frequency-domain coding
11. Speech enhancement
    1. Noise attenuation
    2. Echo cancellation
    3. Dereverberation
    4. Source separation
    5. Beamforming
12. Speech analysis and imaging for medical applications
    1. Electroglottography (Wikipedia)
    2. Stroboscopy and videokymography (Wikipedia)
    3. Highspeed camera
    4. MRI
    5. Rothenberg mask
    6. Glottal inverse filtering
13. Chatbots / Conversational design (external link)
14. Computational models of human language processing
15. Security and privacy in speech technology
16. References

## Recent space activity

- Okko Räsänen
  - Speech Recognition updated Nov 19, 2020 view change
  - Speech production and acoustic properties updated Nov 16, 2020 view change
  - Computational models of human language processing updated Nov 16, 2020 view change
  - Speech Synthesis updated Nov 02, 2020 view change
  - Statistical parametric speech synthesis updated Nov 02, 2020 view change

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## Space contributors

- Okko Räsänen (43 days ago)
- Tom Bäckström (95 days ago)
- Abraham Zewoudie (133 days ago)
- Pablo Perez Zarazaga (150 days ago)

## Licence

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.